|
Elazar Menachem Man Shach ((ヘブライ語:אלעזר מנחם מן שך)) also spelled Eliezer Schach, or Elazar Shach, (January 1, 1899 O.S. – November 2, 2001) was a leading Lithuanian-born and educated Haredi rabbi in Bnei Brak, Israel. He also served as one of three co-deans of the Ponevezh yeshiva in Bnei Brak along with Rabbis Shmuel Rozovsky and Dovid Povarsky. Due to his differences with the Hasidic leadership of the Agudat Yisrael in 1984 he allied with Rabbi Ovadia Yosef who had founded the Shas party. Later, in 1988, Shach sharply criticized Ovadia Yosef and said that "Sepharadim are not yet ready for leadership positions",〔'Haaretz' daily newspaper, Shachar Ilan, November 2, 2001〕 and subsequently founded the Degel HaTorah political party representing Lithuanian non-Hasidic Ashkenazi Jews in the Israeli Knesset. == Life in Europe == Elazar Menachem Man Shach was born in Vabalninkas (Vaboilnik in Yiddish), a rural village in northern Lithuania to Rabbi Ezriel and Batsheva Shach. The Shach family had been merchants for generations, but Batsheva's family, the Levitans, were religious scholars who served various Lithuanian communities. Batsheva's brother, Rabbi Osher Nisan Levitan, later became an important figure in the Union of Orthodox Rabbis in the United States. Elazar was an ''illui'' (child prodigy).〔''Rabbi Eliezer Schach, Torah giant, dies at age 103'' Ilan, Shahar. Canadian Jewish News. Nov 8, 2001. Vol. 31, Iss. 46; pg. 41〕 In 1909, at the age of 11, Shach went to study at the Ponevezh Yeshiva, which at the time was located in the city of Panevėžys, Lithuania, and was headed by Rabbi Isaac Jacob Rabinowitz, known as Rav Itzele Ponovezer. In 1913, Shach started studying in Yeshivas Knesses Yisrael (Slabodka). It was in this yeshiva that he had the opportunity to hear Talmud classes from its ''rosh yeshiva'', Rabbi Moshe Mordechai Epstein. When World War I began in 1914, many of the Slabodka yeshiva students were dispersed across Europe. Shach initially returned to his family but then began traveling across Lithuania from town to town, sleeping and eating wherever he could while continuing to study Torah. In 1915, following the advice of Rabbi Yechezkel Bernstein (author of ''Divrei Yechezkel''), Shach traveled to Slutsk to study at the yeshiva there. It was in Slutsk that he met Rabbi Isser Zalman Meltzer, and this was the beginning of a close lifelong relationship between the two. Shach also met Rabbi Yosef Yozel Horwitz (head of the Novardok yeshiva), who had come to visit the yeshiva in order to introduce its students to the study of ''mussar'' (see Musar movement). Around this time he also met for the first time Rabbi Moshe Feinstein, as Feinstein would often visit Meltzer at his house in Slutsk. In 1921, as a result of regional political changes, the Slutsk yeshiva split up. Rabbi Isser Zalman Meltzer stayed in the city of Slutsk, while Meltzer's son-in-law, Rabbi Aharon Kotler, took his students and started a yeshiva in the town of Kletsk. Shach joined Kotler in Kletsk, and subsequently was appointed by Kotler as a maggid shiur ("lecturer (Talmud )") in the yeshiva. In 1923, Shach married Meltzer's niece, Guttel Gilmovski. After the marriage, Shach and his wife moved to Mir, Belarus, the residence of his father-in-law. It was in Mir that Shach established a lifelong relationship with the town's rabbi, Rabbi Avraham Tzvi Hirsch Kamai. The two would often discuss Torah together, and even after Shach later moved to Israel he continued to correspond with Kamai. (These letters were later printed in Shach's ''Avi Ezri'' magnum opus). After spending some time in the city of Mir, Shach moved back to Kletsk to join the yeshiva again. In 1925, his wife's uncle, Rabbi Meltzer, moved to Israel, and it was at this point that Shach became significantly more involved in the daily running of the yeshiva. It was around this time that Rabbi Yechezkel Levenstein joined the yeshiva to become its mashgiach ruchani ("spiritual guide"), and thus began a lifelong relationship of mutual respect between Shach and Levenstein. After the passing of Rabbi Meir Shapiro, head of the Chachmei Lublin Yeshiva, Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski sent the yeshivah's administrators a letter, recommending Shach for the position. After delivering a discourse at the Chachmei Lublin Yeshiva, Shach traveled to Vilna to consult with Grodzinski about the wisdom of taking on the new position, and upon hearing the various aspects of the question, Grodzinski advised Shach to turn down the offer.〔 In 1934, Shach was appointed ''rosh yeshiva'' of the Novardok yeshiva. This came about as a result of the recommendation of Rabbi Avrohom Yeshaya Karelitz (known as the Chazon Ish) to one of the yeshiva's founders, Rabbi Bentzion Brook.〔''Path to Greatness – The Life of Maran Harav Elazar Menachem Man Shach, Vol I: Vaboilnik to Bnei Brak (1899–1953)'' – pg. 454〕 During this time in Shach's life, the rest of his family stayed in Kletsk while he stayed in the Novardok yeshiva for extended periods of time. After approximately two years, Shach left the yeshiva, because, in his own words, "this is not the place for me for many reasons."〔Letter to a student.〕 In 1935 Shach became rosh yeshiva at the Hasidic Karlin yeshiva in Luninets. He also functioned as the mashgiach ruchani of the yeshiva, giving customary mussar sermons to the yeshiva students. Shach remained at the yeshiva until the outbreak of World War II. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elazar Shach」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|